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Vor & Nach

Vor (ago)

Nachher/Danach & vorher

Nachdem & Bevor

Nach & Vor

Check me!

Vorher & Nachher/danach

Check me!

Main clause

Dependent clause

Present

Perfect

Ich gehe zur Arbeit,

I go to work

nachdem ich das Frühstück gegessen habe

after I ate breakfast/eating breakfast

Futur 1 (werden)

Perfect

Ich werde fahren,

I will drive

nachdem ich meinen Führerschein bekommen habe

after I get my driver's license

Futur 1 (werden)

Present

Sie wird es verstehen,

She will understand

nachdem sie die Geschichte liest

after she is reading the story

Perfect

Ich habe viel gelernt,

I learned a lot

bevor ich zur Schule gegangen bin

before I went to school

Perfect

Imperfect

Er hat das Buch geschrieben,

He wrote the book

bevor er reich wurde

before he became rich

Imperfect

Wir tranken das ganze Bier,

We drank all the beer

bevor unsere Mutter nach Hause kam

before our mother came home

Present (future)

Present

Er trinkt Wasser,

He’s drinking water

bevor er läuft

before he’s running

Nachdem & Bevor

Ich habe diesen Film vor einer Woche gesehen

I saw this movie a week ago

Vor einer Woche sind wir in Deutschland gereist

A week ago we traveled in Germany

”

Sie lernen vor dem Unterricht

They are studying before the lesson

(vor is used for nouns in dative)

Ich habe ihnen nach dem Konzert geholfen

I helped them after the concert

(nach is used for nouns in dative)

➔ Are time adverbs

➔ Nachher/ danach= after (that), vorher = before (that)

➔ Refer to a situation already given without repeating the context

➔ Are often used with subordinating conjunctions (connectors for main clauses) such as “aber” “und”

➔ We also can use “bevor” in the present tense form but with future meaning:

Don’t forget that clauses switch places: main clause - dependent clause: “Ich habe Essen gekauft, bevor ich nach Hause kam”; dependent clause - main clause: Bevor ich nach Hause kam, habe ich Essen gekauft” where the auxiliary verb/ main verb comes first.

Mrs. Puddles gives a tip!

Main clause

Sie will auch kommen

She wants to come too,

Sie kommen hierher

You come here

aber vorher muss sie sich anziehen

but first she has to get dressed

und nachher/ danach können wir offen diskutieren

after that we can discuss openly

Main clause

Ich möchte nach Paris

I want to go to Paris

Sie wachte auf und ging

She woke up

aber vorher muss ich etwas Geld verdienen

before that I have to earn some money

und danach/ nachher ging sie zur Schule

and after that she went to school

Main clause

Dependent clause

Present ( future )

Present

Er kauft Essen,

He’s buying/will buy food

bevor er nach Hause kommt

before he’s getting home

Main clause

Dependent clause

Present

Perfect

Ich habe die Küche geputzt,

I cleaned the kitchen

bevor ich das Abendessen gemacht habe

before I made/making the dinner

Perfect

Imperfect

Ich habe Essen gekauft,

I bought food

bevor ich nach Hause kam

before I got home

Imperfect

Ich wollte ein neues Auto,

I wanted a new car

bevor ich 18 Jahre alt war

before I was 18 years old

⭐ Bevor

Main clause

Dependent clause

Present

Perfect

Ich mache die Hausaufgaben,

I do the homework

nachdem ich gegessen habe

after I ate/eating

Futur 1 (werden)

Perfect

Ich werde spielen,

I will play

nachdem ich die Hausaufgaben gemacht habe

after I finish the homework

Futur 1 (werden)

Present

Ich werde nach Hause gehen,

I will go home

nachdem ich mit meinen Freunden spiele

after I’m playing play with my friends

vor einer Woche

vor einer Stunde

vor zwei Jahren

one week ago

one hour ago

two years ago

vor/nach dem Unterricht

vor/nach der Konferenz

before / after the class

before / after the conference

Vor (before) PAST ⤑ Noun (dative) PRESENT ⤑ Nach (after) Future

Chronology

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⭐ vor is also used in temporal contexts suggesting actions completed in the past in structures such as: vor (ago) + time (one week ago, two days ago, one hour ago)

⭐ Nachdem (after)

➔ Both are temporal conjunctions

➔ They introduce dependent clauses

➔ Follow certain patterns of tense combinations

➔ Are temporal prepositions in dative

➔ Are positioned before the noun

*If this table doesn't display right, please turn your phone horrizontaly !

If the table doesn't display right, please turn your phone horrizontaly

*If this table doesn't display right, please turn your phone horrizontaly !

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Cats are lovely and may prove to be a good company for you while learning or struggling with German.

Here's the perfect place for animal lovers and German learners!

2020, L2D

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Take your chance and try to guess what these sentences mean ! After, follow the structure to get a better understanding !

Mrs. Purrplexed wants to play!

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If the table doesn't display right, please turn your phone horrizontaly

*If this table doesn't display right, please turn your phone horrizontaly !

Mr. Puddle: It would sound very odd and it wouldn’t make any sense

Mr. Puddle: A conjunction is a word that connects two sentences, we name them “clauses”. For instance, nachdem can connect two clauses (each sentence has a subject and verb) while nach is a preposition in the dative and only shows the time after something (noun). Don’t forget that clauses using “nachdem” “bevor” follow strict patterns of tense combinations.

Mr. Fluffy: : What happens if I mix them up?

Mr. Fluffy: I’m wondering… what’s the difference between nachdem and nach, vor and bevor… I mean I understood that these words are prepositions and conjunctions… but what’s a conjunction?

I. Theory and definitions: Nach, vor and related words

Nach, vor and related words

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✔️ Follow the sentences and see how these structures work. You might wanna play with Mrs. Purrplexed too and try to translate some of them!

V. Let's practice! - Nach & Vor

IV. Purrrfection explained! - Nach & Vor

✔️ Vor & nach are always placed before nouns in dative case

✔️ Nachdem & bevor are conjunctions, so they connect sentences: main and dependent clauses

✔️ Vorher & nachher/danach are used to refer indirectly to situations relevant to the context of speaking

III. Tips & Tricks : How to learn them easily? - Nach & Vor

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II. Practical examples - Nach & Vor

Nach, vor and related words: These are temporal adverbs, conjunctions or prepositions which prove to be very tricky and confusing in the beginning for many people. As usual, we’re going to explain their meaning, contextual usage and give you some tips to use them correctly.

Fill in the gaps with the missing words: bevor, nach, nachdem, vorher, danach/nachher, vor

▶ See the translation of the text

Let me tell you what happened. Before the concert, I had to go to my best friend's house to get the tickets and go together. After getting in the car, I realized that I had forgotten the keys in the house. After an hour of searching the house, he called me and he was angry. Before I could explain him he said he won't give me the tickets and he will go to the concert alone. After that / afterwards we didn't talk anymore.