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✔️ damit “so that” shows the purpose
“I’m buying the plane tickets so that I can get there faster”
✔️ somit “so” “thus” “consequently” is used for logical explanations:
“He’s isn’t coming today , so/ thus we’re not leaving yet
✔️ somit is rarely used, instead use “also”
It introduces a dependant clause: the verbs are at the end
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Do you remember this example?
Hallo Patrick! Nein, ich kann heute Abend nicht ausgehen! Ich muss nämlich für die Prüfung lernen.
*Hello Patrick! No , I can’t go out tonight! Because I must study for the exam!
✔️ Offers extra information for the reason you have when doing something specifically in a certain context.
✔️ It stands in the middle, not in the beginning and it isn’t the same as “weil” or “denn”
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| deshalb* | therefore | ||
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therefore | ||
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| nämlich |
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| damit |
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| sonst | otherwise | ||
| ansonsten | otherwise | ||
| notfalls |
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1. He doesn't know German, what's why he can't understand you.
2. You lost the ticket, that's why I'm looking for them now.
3. You did well, therefore you get a good grade!
4. We paid too much, that's why we don't have any money left.
5. She isn’t free now. Because she must do homework.
6. I did all the work, so it's your turn now!
7. I want to learn German, so that I can work in Germany.
8. I need you, otherwise I'm lost...
9. Do it! Otherwise I'll punish you!
10. If necessary I'll call you!
✔️ All are interchangeable
✔️ Introduce main clauses: the verbs/ modal verbs stays in the 2nd position
✔️ Darum is more colloquial
✔️ Daher isn’t so often used in conversation, it’s used in official settings
The causal adverbs:
✔️ Show the cause, condition, the purpose or the result of a specific action
✔️ In some cases change the structure and there are similarities between forms
Here’s a list the most common causal adverbs:
Mr. Fluffy: Grammatically, is it correct to use them interchangeably?
Mr. Puddle: Yes! The nuances you get later as you immerse yourself in the language
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Here's the perfect place for animal lovers and German learners!
2020, L2D
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Mr. Fluffy: Why are there four synonyms for “therefore/ that’s why/ because of that”?
Take your chance and try to guess what these sentences mean !
Mrs. Purrplexed wants to play!
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Mr. Puddle: German is a very rich and meaningful language with lots of meanings in different contexts. Deswegen and deshalb are somewhat more interchangeable, while daher is used in the official language, also darum is colloquial and slightly used more in certain contexts than others.
Mr. Puddle: These compounds use “da” to express logical relationships, quite abstract, isn’t it? More will be discussed at B2 level.
Mr. Puddle: Yes, they are. Some of the words you learned today such as darum/daher, will be extensively revised along with da-compounds.
Mr. Fluffy: What are da-compounds?
Mr. Fluffy: Mr. Puddles ! Adverbs seems quite intiuitive!
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✔️ Follow the next adverbs and see an example of how they work in these contexts. Also, Mrs. Purrplexed can't wait to play with you!
✔️ Causal adverbs express the condition, the purpose, the result or the cause of an action
✔️ You should notice some subtle nuances in their meaning: such as damit/somit/also or nämlich, the interchangeability of deswegen/deshalb/daher/darum
✔️ Are interchangeable
✔️ Sonst is the short form of “ansonsten” and it's more used in the spoken language
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⭐ In order to understand the causal adverbs, please look at the context of the highlighted words and try figuring out the functions of the adverbs, without reading further; when you’re finished, continue the lesson:
“Hello Patrick! No , I can’t go out tonight! Because I must study for the exam… Otherwise I’ll fail it. I did poorly on my latest exams and that’s why this one is so important. Tomorrow I’m completely free after 7, so we could meet up for the movie night as we planned last week. What? Of course, 6 is fine for me. Bye!.”
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